Albigence waldo biography of george michael

  • Albigence waldo biography of george michael
  • Valley Forge, 1777-1778. Diary of Surgeon Albigence Waldo, of ....

    Albigence waldo biography of george michael

  • Albigence waldo biography of george michael
  • Albigence waldo biography of george michael wikipedia
  • Valley Forge, 1777-1778. Diary of Surgeon Albigence Waldo, of ...
  • Valley Forge, 1777-1778. Diary of Surgeon Albigence Waldo, of ...
  • Valley Forge: "Why are we sent here to starve and Freeze?"
  • Life at Valley Forge (1777–1778, by Albigence Waldo)


    General Washington's army, already exhausted from battles, long marches, and a persistent dearth of supplies, arrived at Valley Forge, Pa., on 19 December 1777.

    The winter was a difficult one, and the land offered little in the way of shelter or food. The diary of the surgeon, Washington's personal physician, Albigence Waldo, is graphic testimony of the hardships endured by the amateur Continental Army throughout the long winter.

    The woes were seemingly endless. A dozen men were forced to share a 16´ × 14´ log hut with dirt floors and little more than cloth rags to serve as doors.

    Albigence waldo biography of george michael wikipedia

    Because there were no nearby wells, water had to be brought from the Schuylkill River and nearby creeks where the soldiers and their animals often relieved themselves. Disease was so rampant that Washington ordered his men inoculated against smallpox, a controversial and much-distrusted procedure.

    Accounts of the winter's death toll vary, with some es